Most couples conceive within 6-12 months of regular trying. If you haven't conceived within these timelines, it's time to consult a fertility specialist.
Fertility declines with age. For women, fertility declines significantly after 35. For men, fertility declines more gradually and after 45. This affects both chances of conception and risk of miscarriage, defects, and abnormalities.
Standard Timeline
- Under 35: try for 12 months before seeking help
- Over 35: try for 6 months before seeking help
- Over 40: see a specialist right away
Among couples who time intercourse during the fertile window:
- 38% pregnant after 1 month
- 68% pregnant after 3 months
- 81% pregnant after 6 months
- 92% pregnant after 12 months
See a Specialist Sooner If
- Irregular or absent periods
- Known fertility issues (PCOS, endometriosis, previous pelvic infection)
- History of multiple miscarriages
- Male partner has known fertility issues or history of testicular injury/surgery
- You want to understand your fertility status before trying
What to Expect
A fertility workup typically includes:
- Cycle tracking
- Hormone testing
- Ovarian reserve testing (AMH, FSH)
- Semen analysis
- HSG (imaging test to check fallopian tubes)
Most issues are treatable. Common treatments range from medication to time intercourse better, to IUI (intrauterine insemination), to IVF (in vitro fertilization).
Insurance note: Some states require insurance coverage for fertility testing and treatment. Check your plan. Diagnostic testing (like semen analysis or hormone panels) is often covered even when treatment isn't.
Maternal-Fetal Medicine Specialists
You may also see a maternal-fetal medicine (MFM) specialist if you have:
- Twins or multiples
- History of gestational diabetes or preeclampsia
- Genetic concerns requiring specialized testing
- Other high-risk conditions
Your OB will refer you to an MFM if needed.